【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
2002.1
Passage one
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.
The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.
Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion . One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.
When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the cars movements.
The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.
21. One significant improvement in the future car will probably be ________.
A) its power source
B) its driving system
C) its monitoring system
D) its seating capacity(A)
22. What is the authors main concern?
A) How to render automobiles pollution-free.
B) How to make smaller and safer automobiles.
C) How to solve the problem of traffic jams.
D) How to develop an automated subway system.(C)
23. What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?
A) A rail.
B) An engine.
C) A retractable arm.
D) A computer controller.(A)
24. In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is ________.
A) keep in the right lane
B) wait to arrive at his destination
C) keep in constant touch with the computer center
D) inform the system of his destination by phone(D)
25. What is the authors attitude toward the future of autos?
A) Enthusiastic.
B) Pessimistic.
C) Optimistic.
D) Cautious.(C)
这篇材料讲的是未来汽车的问题。第一段先是举出了两种截然相反的观点：在不久的未来，汽车将会被人类废弃(all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust)，在可预见的将来，汽车依然会是城市交通的主要方式(the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future)。这样本文讨论的侧重点也就呈现出来了这里将要讨论的是汽车的未来。
下文接续第一段所提的第二个观点，说明未来被人类继续使用的汽车可能会发生的变化。未来的汽车会变得更小，更加安全，也更有经济性，同时不会使用汽油驱动(smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine)，污染也会比现在的汽车小得多。
以上算是未来汽车相较现在的优点，不过，未来的汽车也依然存在问题，那就是交通拥堵(still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion)。但作者马上提出了解决办法：自动公路系统(automated highway system)。最后的两个大段对这一系统的工作原理进行了解释。
汽车进入自动公路系统后，车身上会有一条伸缩臂与铁轨连接，此时汽车的动力便由系统提供电力控制(解决了污染问题)，而汽车的操控则转交给中心电脑，由电脑监控汽车所有的运行动作(第四段)。
司机所要做的是只是用电话输入指令，告诉系统所要到达的目的地。系统会计算最佳路径，同时保证行进路径的畅通。这时，司机就有时间放松了，因为快要到达目的地的时候系统会自动发出提示(第五段)。
这一系统的效率如何呢?它在一个小时内的容量是10000辆汽车，而如今的公路只能容许1500-2000辆汽车通过(will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway)。
21. A
题目问未来汽车的一项重要发展很可能是
A，动力来源。
B，驾驶系统。
C，监控系统。
D，可乘坐人数。
第二段对未来汽车的可能发展做了展望：It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present type，这里提到了5种可能的情况，包括大小(smaller)，安全性(safer)，经济性(more economical)，动力来源(not be powered by the gasoline engine)，环保(more pollution-free)。四个选项中只有A与其中一种情况一致，本题选A。
22. C
题目问作者主要关心的问题是什么。
A，如何实现汽车无污染。
B，如何制造更小更安全的汽车。
C，如何解决交通拥堵问题。
D，如何发展一套自动地铁系统。
上一题考查了第二段，那么这一题应该考查第二段以后的内容了。第三段指出the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion，即未来汽车依然会存在交通拥堵问题。此后的两段全部围绕如何解决交通问题展开，说明了一种新的公路系统如何可以解决这一问题。这样 的话，本题的答案应该是C。A和B在第二段中都提到了，但只是一笔带过，没有继续论述。D有一定迷惑性，要注意D说的是subway系统，而不是文章所着 力说明的highway系统。D这个选项应该是源于第四段which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically这句，但这里仅是把highway系统的一项装置(rail)和subway(地铁)的装置进行对比而已(which指代前面的 rail，is similar to是与相似，power做动词讲，指为地铁列车提供电力。全句意思就是与那些在地铁里为列车提供电力的rail一样)。
23. A
题目问在自动公路系统中，是什么为汽车提供电力。
A，一根铁轨。
B，一台发动机。
C，一支可伸缩的机械臂。
D，一个电脑控制器。
文章讲到自动公路系统的动力问题是在第四段。第四段一共三句话，第一句讲的是汽车进入系统后，会从车身伸出一条可伸缩的机械臂，搭在一根铁轨上。第二句讲 的是与铁轨连接后，汽车就交由公路系统提供电力作为动力。第三句讲的是汽车的控制问题，讲的是汽车的操控完全交予电脑。从这三句话可以看出，机械臂是从汽 车车身伸出的，不会提供电力，仅起到一个连接铁轨的作用。铁轨通过机械臂为汽车提供电力，并开始以电力作为动力，与发动机无关了。电脑只起控制汽车的作 用，与动力无关。这样，本题应该选A。
24. D
题目问在自动公路系统中，司机所要做的只有什么。
A，保持正确的行进路线。
B，等待最后到达终点。
C，随时与电脑中心保持联系。
D，用电话把行车目的地告知系统。
文章的最后一段讲到了司机在自动公路系统中应做哪些事情。首先是电话通知系统其行车目的地(The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system)，此后电脑会计算最佳行车路线并为该车保留行车路段(The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway)。最后司机所要做的就是等待到达终点了。
从这里可以看出，司机需要做的事情是电话通知系统其行车目的地，D的说法与此相符。B的说法在文中虽然也可以找到，但等待本身不能算是实质的事情。如果不输入目的地，而只是等待的话，永远也到不了要去的地方。
25. C
题目问作者对汽车未来的态度是怎样的。
A，热情的。
B，悲观的。
C，乐观的。
D，谨慎的。
作者在开头首先介绍了两种关于汽车未来的观点，一是汽车将会被人废弃，二是汽车依然会是城市交通的主要方式。此后，作者的论述一直以第二个观点为前提展开。可见作者首先是看好汽车在未来世界的地位的。作者的观点至少不是悲观的。
第二段对未来汽车的变化进行了展望，作者认为汽车会朝向更小、更安全、更环保等方面发展。这一观点应该说是乐观的。
第三段指出了未来汽车发展的问题所在，但马上提出了解决方法，最后两段具体描述了这一方法。虽有问题，但可以解决，这里体现的还是乐观的态度。
Enthusiastic是热情的、充满激情的意思，所表达的情绪非常热烈，显然并不符合文章的基调。Cautious所体现的态度应该是乐观方面与悲观方面等量齐观，同等重视，与文意同样不符。综上，C最为合适。
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Foxes and farmers have never got on well. These small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them.
Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pursuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it.
People who take part in hunting think of as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy.
It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because they think it is brutal , has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation between hunters and hunt saboteurs . Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the foxs smell, which the dogs follow.
Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Party Member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain.
26. Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes ________.
A) for recreation
B) in the interests of the farmers
C) to limit the fox population
D) to show off their wealth(A)
27. What is special about fox hunting in Britain?
A) It involves the use of a deadly poison.
B) It is a costly event which rarely occurs.
C) The hunters have set rules to follow.
D) The hunters have to go through strict training.(C)
28. Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game ________.
A) by resorting to violence
B) by confusing the fox hunters
C) by taking legal action
D) by demonstrating on the scene(B)
29. A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to ________.
A) prohibit farmers from hunting foxes
B) forbid hunting foxes with dogs
C) stop hunting wild animals in the countryside
D) prevent large-scale fox hunting(B)
30. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A) killing foxes with poison is illegal
B) limiting the fox population is unnecessary
C) hunting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violent
D) fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the rich(C)
这篇材料讲的是猎狐运动的兴衰。前三段可以看做是一个部分，主要论述猎狐运动的源起和特点。后两段的主要内容则是反猎狐运动的兴起。
开头从狐狸与农民的关系讲起，讲到狐狸自古就被认为是家畜杀手，从而被正式归为对人类有害的动物，农民们通过射杀和毒杀的方式不遗余力地减少狐狸的数量(farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them)。从这一段可以看到，狐狸因对人类有害而遭到灭杀，这可以说猎狐运动得以兴起的缘由之一。
第二段开始介绍猎狐运动的特点，而把这一内容与上文连接起来的就是第二段第一句话。猎狐，也就是一群经过特殊训练的狗在乡村追踪狐狸，骑马的男女跟在狗群的后面。狗群捉住狐狸以后便会把它们咬死，或由猎手用枪击毙(When the dogs eventually catch the fox they kill it or a hunter shoots it)。
参与猎狐的人们把猎狐当作是一种运动，他们因此会身穿特殊的制服，红帽白裤，遵循严格的行为规则(follow strict codes of behavior)。而拥有马匹和定期打猎是很烧钱的，所以大多数猎手都是富翁。
第四段开始讲反对猎狐运动，讲到反对者的人数在过去二十年内猛增(the number of people opposed to fox hunting has risen sharply)，反对的原因就是：残忍(because they think it isbrutal)。反对者与猎手的冲突几乎在每次猎狐运动中都会发生(it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind ofconfrontation)，那么反对者通常会采取哪些行动呢?少数会升级为暴力事件，但多数情况下，反对者会采取误导骑手和祛除狐狸留下的气味等方式(misleading riders and disturbing the trail of the foxs smell)。
这种冲突只不过是对正在进行的猎狐运动的阻挠，运动本身还是可以继续。然而近年来猎狐运动本身开始面临严重的威胁。最后一段讲到，工党某议员正在促使议会两院通过一项新的法律，宣布驱使猎狗猎杀野生动物为非法(trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal)。如果这项法律获得通过，那么像狐狸这样的野生动物在英国就将受到保护(wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain)。
26. A
题目问英国的富人进行猎狐运动的目的是什么。
A，为了消遣。第三段第一句话：People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport，这一句道出了参与猎狐的人对猎狐本身的看法sport，一种运动。运动与竞技体育不同，其本身即是一种娱乐消遣。因此A的说法是对的。
B，为了保护农民的利益。看第二段第一句：Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population， 农民为了控制狐狸的数量，会召集当地的猎户去猎杀狐狸。这应该是猎狐运动的缘起，自此后，很多人就模仿猎户的行为，最终使猎狐成为一种运动。可以说，富人 们参与猎狐纯粹是为了消遣，而不是为了农民的利益。二者之间的联系仅仅是：农民为了自己的利益召集猎人猎狐，富人模仿猎狐者，使猎狐本身成为一种富人自己 的消遣运动。
C，为了限制狐狸的数量。限制狐狸的数量符合农民的利益，与富人无关。
D，为了显示他们的富有。这个选项与But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy一句有关。此句意思比较易懂：拥有马匹和定期狩猎是相当费钱的，因此大多数猎手都是有钱人。这里仅仅说明参与猎狐的条件之一：有钱;不能从中推导出猎狐是为了炫富。
27. C
题目问英国猎狐的特别之处是什么。
A，会使用一种致命毒药。这一说法在文中确实提到了：farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them，农民们为了减少狐狸的数量会采用射杀或毒杀等等手段。需要注意的是农民的自发行为并不是狩猎运动，而是一种自卫行为，它与为了生计(猎户)和为了消遣(富人)的猎杀行为是不一样的。因此，严格的说，A的说法指的并不是猎狐运动，不符合题意。
B，这是一种花销昂贵的运动，较少发生。花销昂贵在文中可以找到相应的注脚：owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive;但注意这里的一个单词regularly，定期的，既然是定期举行，显然不是rarely了，B错误。
C，猎手们制定了需要遵守的规则。这句话也可以在文中找到相应的内容：follow strict codes of behavior;Codes of behavior，是行为规范的意思,也就是C所说的规则。C是对的。
