【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
Unit 3 Back to the past
1．____________ n.文明→____________ vt.使文明
2．____________ vt.创建，兴建→____________ n.根基，基础
3．____________ adv.不幸地→____________ n.命运，财产，运气→____________ adj.幸运的，侥幸的→____________ adv.幸运地，幸亏
4．____________ vt.装饰，装潢→____________ n.装饰，装饰品
5．____________vt.破坏，摧毁→____________ n.破坏，摧毁
6．____________ adj. 富有的，富裕的→____________ n.财富
7．____________ adv. 渐渐地，逐渐地→____________ adj.逐渐的
8．____________ vi.爆炸→____________ n.爆炸
9．____________ adj.极度的，极端的→____________ adv.极端地，极度地
10．____________ vi.抱怨→____________ n.抱怨
11．____________ adj.木制的→____________ n.木头
12．____________ n.解决办法，解答→____________ vt.解决
13．____________ n.表达；表情，神色→____________ vt.表达
14．____________ adj.强有力的→____________ n.权力；动力
15．____________ vt.宣布，宣称→____________ n.宣布
16．____________ n.纪念碑，纪念馆 adj.纪念的→____________ n.记忆力→____________ vt.记忆
17．____________ adj.意识到的；知道的；察觉到的→____________ n.意识→____________ adj.没有意识到的，不知道的
18．____________ n.基础；原因→____________ vt.以……为基础
19．____________ n.审讯，审理；试验→____________ vt.试验，尝试
20．____________ n.法官，审判员；裁判员 vt.裁判→____________ n.判决，裁判
21．____________ n.毒药，毒物 vt.毒害，下毒→____________ adj.有毒的
22．____________ vt.使腐化，使堕落；adj.腐败的，贪污的→____________ n.贪污，腐败，堕落
1．F________ in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
2．Two middleaged passengers fell into the sea.U________，neither of them could swim.
3．—What happened to the priceless works of art?
—They were d________ in the earthquake.
4．Jim is on time for everything.How can it be that he was late for the opening c________？
5．It's necessary to d________ the classroom for we'll have an evening party.
6．My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon，so he couldn't have attended your ____________（讲座）.
7．There was an ____________（表情）of discontent on her face.
8．As you are well ____________（知道的），there is a great competition on the part of both Germany and the United States.
9．The president is the most ____________（强有力的）man in America and probably the world.
10．Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy，____________（富有的）and wise.
1．take ____________ 夺取；接管
2．____________ out 结果是，证明是
3．break ____________ 垮掉
4．cut ____________ 砍倒
5．____________ in 导致
6．run ____________ 逃离
7．put ____________ 出版
8．be ____________ into 分成（几小部分）
9．go ____________ 穿过
10．in good ____________ 状况良好
11．____________ out 实施，执行，进行
12．in ____________ of 纪念
13．no ____________ 无疑，确实
14．rise up ____________ 起义，反抗
15．____________ in one's path 阻碍
16．____________ down with 患（病）
17．take ____________ of 控制住
18．as a ____________ of 因为
19．____________ from 除了
20．have an ____________ on 对……有影响
21．____________ sb.to death 将某人处死
22．be ____________ to do sth. 被迫做某事
23．think ____________ sb./sth.as...认为某人/物是……
24．be ____________ as...被称作……
1．Many people were buried alive，and so was the city.
很多人被活埋了，整个城市也被掩埋。
句型提炼：so引导倒装句，表示前面的情况也适用于另外一个人或物。
2．Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago.
今天我见到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。
句型提炼：as用作连词，意为“像……一样”。
3．When I walked around the city，I saw streets just as they had been，with stepping stones along the road so you did not have to step in the mud on rainy days!
当我在城中漫步时，我看到保持原样的街道，沿路都有垫脚石，这样下雨天你就不用在泥泞中行走了！
句型提炼：本句是复合句，when引导时间状语从句，主句中的主干是I saw streets，而as they had been用作方式状语，介词短语with stepping stones along the road是streets的定语，连词so后接结果状语从句。
4．It turns out that after the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city，their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared，leaving empty spaces in the ash.
原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。
句型提炼：本句是复合句，it是形式主语，真正的主语是由that引导的主语从句。分词短语leaving empty spaces in the ash充当结果状语。
5．Then he turned his eyes east，and marched all the way to India，finding victory wherever he went.
然后，他又将目光转向东方，长驱直入印度，所到之处，攻无不克，战无不胜。
句型提炼：本句是复合句。分词短语finding victory wherever he went作伴随状语，其中的wherever he went是地点状语从句。
1．remain linkv. 保持，依旧
1）用作系动词，指某人或某事物仍保持某种状态，意为“仍然是，依旧是”，后面可接名词、代词、形容词、介词短语、分词作表语。
2）用作不及物动词，意思是“剩下，余留，留待”，此时不能用进行时态，也没有被动语态。
3）指某事“尚待、有待于以后被处置”，后面常接不定式的被动形式，表示主语是不定式的承受者。
4）remain作名词时，表示“剩余物”，一般用其复数形式。
5）remaining是形容词，意为“剩余的”，常作前置定语；而left则只能作后置定语。
①Peter became a manager，but Jack remained a worker.
彼得成为一个经理，而杰克仍然是个工人。
②Whatever achievements you've made，you should remain modest.
无论你取得多么大的成就，你都该保持谦虚。
③He had to remain in hospital until he was better.
他不得不一直住院直到身体稍好些。
④The guests came in，but she remained sitting at the desk reading.
客人们都来了，但她还坐在写字台旁读书。
⑤It remains to be seen whether you are right.
你是否正确，以后见分晓。
⑥The archeologists found some remains of the Song Dynasty.
考古学家发现了一些宋代遗迹。
⑦I bought a gift for her with the remaining money.
我用剩余的钱给她买了一件礼物。
用法辨析stay与remain
1．作系动词，指某人或某物“继续保持某一状态（continue to be）”时，常可互换。
2．表示主语“暂时停留在某处”时，两者可以互换。
3．表示在某处住（若干天），常用stay。
4．当表示别人已离去或事情有变动后，某人或某物仍保持原来的状态时，多用remain。
①They remain/stay friends for many years.
他们的友谊持续了许多年。
②The shop stays/remains open till night.
这家店铺一直营业到晚上。
③Stay/Remain here until I come back.
一直待在这里，直到我回来。
④I remained/stayed in London till May.
我在伦敦一直待到五月。
⑤Only a few leaves remained（＝were still）on the tree.
树上只剩下几片叶子了。
反馈1.1（2024·江西新余一中模拟）Dear passengers，to ensure your safety，please remain ______until the plane has come to a complete stop.
A．seated B．seat
C．to seat
D．seating
反馈1.2With many major economic problems ______ to be addressed，there is no point in ______ the growth rate of this year now.
A．remaining；predicting
B．remaining；to predict
C．remained；predicting
D．remained；to predict
反馈1.3Because quite many problems remain ______，our boss can't even spare several hours for his kids each week.
A．to addressB．to be addressed
C．addressingD．addressed
反馈1.4The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ______.
A．20 dollars remained
B．20 dollars to remain
C．remained 20 dollars
D．remaining 20 dollars
反馈1.5It was already past midnight and only three young men ______ in the teahouse.
A．left B．remained
C．delayed
D．deserted
反馈1.6The hurricane victims were searching the ______ of their houses for anything ______ useful.
A．remain；remained
B．remains；remaining
C．remain；remaining
D．remains；remained
2．aware adj. 意识到的，察觉到的
aware 后可接of或that从句。
作为表语形容词，通常用well来修饰aware，而不是very。
①I am well aware that this is a tough job.
我深知这是一项棘手的工作。
②She was not aware of having done wrong.
她没有意识到做错了事。
③I am not aware how long he has lived here.
我不知道他在这住了多久了。
反馈2.1He is kept in dark and is not ______ that the company has lost some money.
A．known
B．known about
C．aware
D．aware of
反馈2.2This event not only raised ______ of world hunger，but also raised lots of money to help starving children.
A．information
B．knowledge
C．instruction
D．awareness
3．judge n.法官 vi.审判，判断
judge的常用句式为：
1．judge...from by...根据……来判断
2．judge sb.to be（其后为sb.加宾语补足语。宾语补足语通常是形容词、分词或不定式）
3． judging by/from 由……判断
①From his letter，we judged his visit to China a great success.
从他的来信判断他对中国的访问非常成功。
②I can't judge whether she was right or wrong.
我不能断定她是对还是错。
③Can you judge which way to take?
你能判断应走哪条路吗？
④Judging from what you say，she ought to succeed.
从你说的情况来看，她应当能成功。
反馈3.1______ from media reports，the result has been unclear.
A．To judged
B．Having judged
C．Judging
D．Judged
反馈3.2It's not right to ______ a person only ______ his appearance.
A．tell；from
B．judge；by
C．judge；for
D．decide；by
反馈3.3______ the best in a recent science competition，the three students were awarded scholarship ______ 27,000 dollars.
A．Judged；totaling
B．To be judged；totaled
C．Having judged；to total
D．Judging；would total
4．declare vt.宣布；宣告；宣称
declare sth.宣告……
declare...（to be）...宣布……（是）
declare that...宣告……
declare war on/against...向……宣战
①They will declare the results of the election soon.
他们将很快公布选举的结果。
②The accused man declared himself（to be）innocent.被告声称他是无罪的。
③I declared at the meeting that I did not support him.
我在会上声明不支持他。
④Few people dared to declare their opposition to the regime.
很少有人敢宣称他们反对这个政权。
⑤The police chief has declared war against violent crimes again.
警长重申要尽力制止暴力犯罪行为。
易混辨析
易混词 辨析
declare 意为“宣布，宣告”，指正式就某事公开地作出明确的说明，其后可接名词、从句、复合结构，表明态度时加介词for（赞成）或against（反对）。
announce 意为“宣布，宣称”，指首次宣布人们所关心的事，有预告的含义，通常是关于生死、结婚、灾害信息或客人的到来等，其后常接名词、从句作宾语。
claim 意为“声称，依据（权利）获得、认领，夺取（生命）”。
①I declare this conference open.我宣布本次会议开始。
②They announced that a cold wave would come soon.他们报告说不久寒流就要来。
③Don't claim to know what you really don't know.不要不懂装懂。
反馈4.1“Terrorists ______ war on the United States，and war is what they got，” Bush said.
A．attacked
B．declared
C．fought
D．offered
反馈4.2Everyone is waiting for the exciting moment when the chairman will ______ the party begin.
A．declare
B．tell
C．report
D．deliver
反馈4.3Footsteps ______ his return；shall we go and meet him?
A．announced
B．declared
C．pronounced
D．claimed
反馈4.4She ______ that she had seen a ghost in her bedroom，which，of course，few would believe.
A．declared
B．announcedC．claimed
D．proved
反馈4.5用declare，announce或claim的适当形式填空。
①So far，no one has come and ______ the bike.
②When the doorman ______ the arrival of the president，everyone got up and clapped.
