【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
Ⅰ.语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1～15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
One bright summer day，a number of little boys and girls were out walking with their teacher.They walked two by two，singing happily.
In their walk they came to a __1__ over the river，and they turned to go across it.They had just reached the middle __2__ there came a great shout behind them.The teacher told them to stop，and she __3__ and listened.When she heard the cry “Mad dog！” she __4__ what was happening.Before she could do something she saw the dog running to the bridge.
“Children，” said the teacher，“keep __5__ the wall of the bridge.Don’t move or cry.”Then she went and stood before the boys and girls so that the dog would __6__ her first.
The animal came，his mouth widely open.The animal ran up __7__，and seemed to be going by，but when he had just passed the __8__，he made a snap (猛咬) at one of the little girls.At this moment，the teacher saw a man running up with a gun to __9__ the dog.The children must be kept __10__ until the man could come up.So she ran to the dog，and put her right hand into the animal’s __11__.When the man came near enough，he shot the animal __12__.
The dog had bitten her so __13__ that the brave lady died soon after the doctors came.She had given __14__her own life to save the lives of the children.When people heard of it，they loved her for her bravery.They said，“The __15__ of this brave lady should never be forgotten.”
【解题导语】 本文讲述了一位勇敢的女教师为保护学生而被疯狗咬死的动人故事。
1．A.gardenB．temple
C．village
D．bridge
解析：选D。考查名词。他们来到一座桥上。
2．A.but
B．where
C．when
D．and
解析：选C。考查连词。when作并列连词，相当于at that time“就在那时”。
3．A.stayed
B．stood
C．sat
D．turned
解析：选D。考查动词。喊声从后面传来，她应是转过身来听。
4．A.wanted
B．thought
C．knew
D．found
解析：选C。考查动词。句意为：她知道出了什么事。
5．A.close to
B．off
C．away from
D．out of
解析：选A。考查句意理解。根据常识及上下文可知，学生们只有靠近桥栏杆，才能给狗让开一条路，以保护自身安全。
6．A.fight
B．meet
C．eat
D．take
解析：选B。考查动词。根据上下文，老师站在孩子们面前目的是让疯狗先接触她。
7．A.quickly
B．carefully
C．silently
D．slowly
解析：选A。考查上下文理解。根据常识及上下文可知，一只疯狗，后有追赶，不可能是“小心地”、“默默地”或“慢慢地”，而是“很快地”。
8．A.girls
B．boys
C．bridge
D．teacher
解析：选D。考查名词。因为老师站在前面，应该从老师旁经过。上文说They had just reached the middle...，可排除C。如果从学生旁边经过了，就不可能有下文了，可排除A、B。
9．A.beat
B．shoot
C．strike
D．drive
解析：选B。考查动词。根据上下文及常识，拿着枪追赶疯狗，当然是为了射死它。
10．A.happy
B．safe
C．alive
D．silent
解析：选B。考查形容词。老师的行为是为了保证学生的安全。
11．A.ears
B．lips
C．mouth
D．breast
解析：选C。考查名词。老师为了不让疯狗再咬学生，不惜把自己的手伸进疯狗的嘴里，多么勇敢伟大的女性！下段第一句也说明了此意。
12．A.over
B．away
C．dead
D．down
解析：选C。考查句意理解。根据上下文。疯狗被打中，应被打死。
13．A.deeply
B．seriously
C．painfully
D．quickly
解析：选B。考查句意理解。这位勇敢的女教师很快死了，因为咬伤太重了，选项A、C、D不合句意。
14．A.out
B．off
C．up
D．onto
解析：选C。考查短语动词。老师献出了她的生命。give up为固定搭配，意思为“放弃”。
15．A.idea
B．hope
C．deed
D．news
解析：选C。考查名词。这位勇敢女性的事迹永远不会被忘记。选项A、B、D均与上下文不符。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
As 16.________ Irish government tries to cut down the budget of the country’s public finances，schools in this country are suffering from the funding cutbacks.
A school in Cork，17.________ lavatory paper(厕纸)used to be offered for free，declared itself short 18.________ cash and asked its pupils to bring their own toilet rolls to school.Parents 19.________ children at St John’s Girls’ national school in County Cork received the request last week.
The school’s principal，Catherine O’Neill，wrote to a girl’s parent：“Dear
parent，20.________ it
sounds
a
little unacceptable，we have to request your daughter 21.________ (bring) a toilet roll to her teacher.These rolls will be specifically for your daughter’s class and should be given out by the teacher.We also have another request 22.________ your daughter should have tissues (纸巾) in her bag at all times.”
Ireland’s public finances 23.________ (become) worse and worse since the economic downturn happened，and education has not escaped cuts in funding.Like this school，most of the measures 24.________ (take) in the educational system were due to the cutbacks.They are trying hard to reduce all kinds of 25.________ (expend) and ensure the educational needs.
16．解析：由于此处特指爱尔兰政府，故填定冠词the。
答案： the
17．解析：where引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是A school，关系词在定语从句中充当地点状语，故填where。
答案：where
18．解析：本空需要填介词of，和前面的short搭配，表示“缺少……”。
答案：of
19．解析：此处是指有孩子在这所学校读书的家长，故填介词with。
答案：with
20．解析：通过对句子逻辑含义分析可知，这个句子与后面的句子是转折关系，故填连词though或者although。
答案：though/although
21．解析：此处指要求学生带纸巾。根据request sb.to do sth.的固定表达可知，此处应填to bring。
答案：to bring
22．解析：根据句子语法结构分析可知，that引导同位语从句，解释说明another request。
答案：that
23．解析：根据句子语法结构分析可知，此处需要填谓语动词。根据句中的since可判断，此处应用现在完成时。
答案：have become
24．解析：根据句子语法结构分析可知，此处需要填过去分词，充当后置定语，修饰the measures。
答案：taken
25．解析：根据空格的位置以及句子逻辑含义可知，此处需要填提示词的名词复数形式，故填expenses。
答案：expenses
Ⅱ.阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Have you noticed that in any large group，one person seems to be the boss? This is true for wild horses，too.The boss of a herd of wild horses is a stallion (种马)．Stallions are grown male horses.
The stallion’s job is important.He watches out for danger.If a bear or other animal comes close，he lets out a warning cry.This helps keep the other horses safe.Sometimes they all run away together.Other times，the stallion protects the other horses.He shows his teeth and rises up on his back legs.Often，he scares the other animals away.Then the horses can safely continue eating grass.
Much of the grass on the prairies
(大草原)
is gone now.Wild horses must move around a lot to find new grass.They spend about half their time eating and looking for food.If they cannot find prairie grass，wild horses will eat tree bark (树皮)．They will eat flowers.If they can’t find these either，wild horses will eat anything that grows!
Wild horses also need plenty of water.It is often hot in the places where they travel.At least twice a day，they find streams and take long，long drinks.Like people，wild horses lose water when they sweat.They run and sweat a lot in hot water.To survive，they need as much water as they can get.
Wild horses also use water another way.When they find deep water，they walk through it.It feels good! It cools their skin.
Now，most wild horses live away from people in the distant plains and mountains；they are safer there.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲述了野马的生活习性。
26．The passage mainly talks about ________.
A．the enemies of wild horses
B．the living habits of wild horses
C．the boss of a group of wild horses
D．the habitat of wild horses
解析：选B。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述野马的生活习性，包括种马的作用、觅食等。
27．What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A．How stallions protect other wild horses.
B．When stallion let out a warning cry.
C．What stallions do in a herd.
D．How wild horses keep safe.
解析：选C。段落大意题。文章第二段主要讲述了种马在马群中的主要职责，故C为正确答案。
28．Which of the following is TRUE about the stallion?
A．He is responsible for the safety of the group.
B．He is the oldest horse in the group.
C．He is the strongest horse in the group.
D．He finds prairie grass for the group.
解析：选A。细节理解题。根据短文第二段可知应选A项。
29．Why do wild horses move around so much?
A．To look for water.
B．To search for food.
C．To find safer habitats.
D．To build up their strength.
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“Wild horses must move around a lot to find new grass”可知应选B项。
30．Why do wild horses live away from people in the distant plains and mountains?
A．Because they can escape from people’s hunting.
B．Because there are more grasses and water.
C．Because they can form large groups there.
D．Because they can find deep water there.
解析：选A。细节理解题。由最后一段“...they are safer.”可知，大多数野马居住在偏远的高原和山区，因为在那里更安全。故推知A项符合题意。
B
There are strong arguments on space travel，and below you will find a list of many frequently used arguments.
Pros of space travel：
—Space travel has inspired many people to continue improving technology such as inventing Velcro and non-stick frying pans.
—If you look at the total GDP worldwide，space only accounts for a very small percentage of the total budget.
—Better to spend money on our future，than on other projects that would have a much lower potential reward.
—If we were to colonize another planet，it would reduce the population on Earth，which is already overpopulated.This will result in the survival of our species when our planet can no longer support human life.
—Multinational space stations have helped diplomacy(外交) among multiple nations.
Cons of space travel：
—There is a very large percentage of the earth’s oceans we have not been explored.We should continue exploring the remaining unknown regions of our oceans before continuing to another planet.
—The funding for space exploration comes from the tax payers’ pockets.Many do not think that they should be forced into paying for something they oppose.
—The total contribution from space travel is minimal，when considering the total cost.
—We should not be thinking about colonizing (占领) a moon，or a planet.It’s better to save our existing planet first.If we are to destroy one planet，what is to stop us from repeating the_mistakes on another planet.
—Not only is the cost of manned space missions expensive，but space travel can have a serious effect on the human body over an extended period of time.The only way to solve it is by using robots，which reduces the human risk factor，and reduces the overall cost.
Overall，most people approve of (赞成) our current exploration methods.In my opinion，these methods should be reviewed to help reduce the cost of launches.I believe the potential of finding resources on other planets will make the cost of several decades of space exploration worthwhile.
【解题导语】 太空旅行的支持者和反对者都给出什么样的理由呢？
31．What would be the best title for this passage?
A．The future of space travel
B．The benefits of space travel
C．Why space travel is expensive
D．Whether space travel is worthwhile or not
解析：选D。主旨大意题。本文探讨了太空旅行值不值的问题。
32．Which of the following benefits of space travel is NOT mentioned?
A．Creating more job opportunities.
B．Reducing the overpopulation problem.
C．Bringing about advanced technologies.
D．Developing relationships among countries.
解析：选A。细节理解题。根据Pros of space travel部分可知B、C、D三项均有提及，唯独A没提到。
33．The underlined part
“the mistakes” here probably refers to ________.
A．colonizing a moon
B．doing damage to Earth
C．spending money with little reward
