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Module 8
Unit 24 Society
1．abundant adj.大量的，丰富的，充裕的
【精讲拓展】
abundant supplies 充足的供应
an abundance of 丰富的……
in abundance 大量地，丰富，富裕
make sth. abundantly clear 清楚地表达
【典型例句】
Wild flowers grow in abundance on the hillsides.山坡上长满
了野花。
[朗文当代]
There is abundant evidence that cars have a harmful effect on
the environment.
有充分证据表明，汽车对环境有害。
[剑桥高阶]
It’s abundantly clear what the outcome will be.结果会怎样已
非常清楚。
[朗文当代]
即学即用
翻译句子
①我国自然资源丰富。
________________________________________________
②该岛盛产水果和蔬菜。
________________________________________________
Our country is abundant in natural resources.
Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island.
2．burden n. & v．重担；负担；(使)担负
【精讲拓展】
to bear/ carry/ ease/ reduce/share the burden 承受/担负/减轻/
减少/分担重担
the burden of sth. ……的重担
a burden on/ to sb. 加给某人的重担
become a burden to sb. 成为某人的负担
burden sb./ oneself with sth../be burdened with sth. 给某人
以……重担
【典型例句】
People on high incomes face a huge tax burden.
高收入的人面对着要缴纳的巨额税款的重担。
[朗文当代]
Buying a house often places a large financial burden on young
couples.
买房子往往会让年轻夫妇背上沉重的经济负担。
[剑桥高阶]
I will not burden you with a lengthy account of what happened.
我不想将事情的经过详加叙述，免得给你增加负担。[朗文当代]
翻译句子
③男人们说他们愿意分担家务活的重担。
3．resign
vt. & vi.辞职；辞去(工作、职位等)
【精讲拓展】
resign from 辞去……职务
resign as 辞职
resign sb. to 把某人托交给……
resign oneself to (doing) sth. 听从……，顺从……(to为介词)
resign one’s post/ position 辞去职务
resign n．辞职(书)，辞呈；放弃
Men say they are willing to share the burden of domestic work.
【典型例句】
She resigned from the committee/ resigned as a member of the
committee.
她辞去了委员会的职务。
[朗文当代]
He resigned his post because he had been offered a better job.
他辞职了，因为他有了更好的工作。
[朗文当代]
She resigned as director.她辞去了董事职务。
[剑桥高阶]
即学即用
翻译句子
④他似乎相当听天由命。
_______________________________________________
⑤他递交了辞职书。
________________________________________________
He seems quite resigned to his fate.
He handed/sent in his resign.
4．undertake vt. 着手做，从事，进行；担任，承担，许诺
【精讲拓展】
undertake sth. 承担某事
undertake to do sth. 许诺做某事，同意做某事
undertake that... 保证……
undertake for... 为……负责
警示误区：undertake sb. that... 这一结构不正确，只可用undertake to do/that从句。
【典型例句】
She undertook responsibility for the changes.
她承担了作出这些改变的责任。
The Channel Tunnel is one of the biggest engineering projects
ever undertaken.
海峡隧道是人们迄今所承建的最大的工程之一。
He undertook to pay the money back within six months.
他保证六个月之内还钱。
The government undertook that the buildings would not be
redeveloped.
政府承诺不会改造这些大楼。
[剑桥高阶]
即学即用
⑥The boss ________ to pay ________ the rest of my salary the
next month.
A．undertook；for
B．admitted；off
C．undertook；off
D．admitted；for
解析：undertake to do sth.答应/承诺干某事；admit ＋ n．/
doing 承认……；pay off 偿清，还清； pay for 付钱
(买……)，由句意知C正确。
答案：C
⑦The fortystorey building is one of the most challenging
engineering projects they have ________.
A．undergone
B．overtaken
C．understood
D．undertaken
解析：undergo“经历、遭受(不好的体验)”overtake赶上，超
过；understand理解；undertake从事，承担。
答案：D
5．sentence vi.& n．宣判，判决；句子
【精讲拓展】
sentence sb. to sth. 给某人判……刑，宣判某人……罪刑(常用
被动语态)
be sentenced to death/life imprisonment /three years in prison
被判处死刑/ 终身监禁/ 三年徒刑
serve a sentence 服刑
a death/life sentence 死刑/无期徒刑
pass/pronounce /give sentence on sb. 给某人判刑
sententious adj. 多格言警句的，说教的
警示误区：sentence最常见的意思是“句子”；sentence 当“判决，宣判，判刑”讲时既是名词， 也可作动词，常用被动语态。
【典型例句】
He received a heavy/light sentence.他受到重/轻判。
When the jury has given its verdict，the judge will
pass/pronounce sentence(on him)．
陪审团做出裁定之后，法官便宣布(对他的)判决。
The death sentence has been abolished in Britain，and now you
get a life sentence for murder.
在英国死刑已被废除，现在谋杀罪会被判处无期徒刑。
The judge sentenced the drug dealer to twenty years in prison.
法官判决这名毒贩20年监禁。
[美国传统]
即学即用
翻译句子
⑧犯人已服刑期满，明天将获释。
_____________________________________________________
⑨他被判六年徒刑。(用sentence的名词形式)
_____________________________________________________
The prisoner has served his sentence and will be released tomorrow.
He received a sixyear sentence.
1．come into being 形成；存在
【精讲拓展】
come into effect 生效，实施
come into use 开始使用
come into contact 联系
come into existence 形成
come into force 生效，实施
come into sight 看见
【典型例句】
The society first came into being in 1912.于1912年成立的协会。
The new tax rates will come into effect from April.新税率将从4
月生效。
即学即用
⑩ Dinosaurs lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，
long before humans ________.
A．came into being
B．came into contact
C．came into force
D．came into sight
解析：考查动词短语辨析，A项意为“形成，存在”；B项意为
“联系”；C项意为“生效”；D意为“看见”。句意为：在人类存
在几千年以前，恐龙就生活在地球上。
答案：A
2．knock into sb.撞上某人，偶然遇上某人
【精讲拓展】
knock out sb. 打晕某人
knock back 使震惊，使大吃一惊
knock down 击倒，撞倒；击落
knock off 把……打掉；停止做某事
knock at 敲……
【典型例句】
The news of her death really knocked him back.
她去世的消息着实让他大吃一惊。
[朗文当代]
He was knocked down by a drunk driver.
他被一名醉汉开车撞倒。
[朗文当代]
I knocked into an old friend of mine in the park.
我在公园里碰见一位老朋友。
[朗文当代]
Let’s knock off work for today.
我们今天就干到这儿吧。
[美国传统]
即学即用
⑪Lost in thought，he almost ________ a man who carried a
heavy box.
A．knocked down
B．knocked out
C．knocked back
D．knocked into
解析：考查动词短语辨析。knocked down “击倒”
knocked
out “打晕”；knocked back“使大吃一惊”；
knocked into“撞
上”，句意为：由于走神，他差一点撞上一个扛着重箱的人。
答案：D
3．wind sb. up 故意惹恼某人(尤指开玩笑)
【精讲拓展】
wind sth. up 结束，关闭(公司、企业等)，停止营业
wind sth. up ＋adj. /adv./ prep./ v．ing “意外地”以……告
终，落个(……的下场)
wind one’s way 蜿蜒曲折而行
警示误区：wind 作“卷，绕，摇”等含义时，其读音为/waind/其过去式，过去分词为wound/waund/wound/waund/。
【典型例句】
We wound up the meeting with a vote of thanks to the
chairman.
我们以鼓掌向主席致谢结束会议。
[朗文当代]
My watch was running slow，so I wound up being late.
我的表慢了，结果我就迟到了。
[美国传统]
You’ll wind up in hospital if you drive so fast.
你开车这么快，最后会落得个进医院的下场。 [朗文当代]
Don’t take any notice—she’s just trying to wind you up.
别在意，她只是在逗弄你。
[朗文当代]
The clock’s stopped；you’d better wind it (up)．钟停了，你
最好上上发条。
[朗文当代]
即学即用
⑫We eventually ________ staying in a little hotel a few miles
from the town.
A．winded up
B．wound up
C．gave up
D．put up
解析：考查动词词组意义辨析。句意为：我们最终在离城几英
里的一家小旅店里落脚。wind up “以……告终/终结”，后可以
跟adj. /adv. /v.ing等，wind 表示此义时，过去式应为wound；
give up doing意为“放弃做某事”；put up虽有“投宿，在……过
夜”之意，但常用 put up at a hotel“在旅馆过夜”。或put sb.
up“为某人提供住宿，留某人住在家中”。因此只有B符合语境
和用法，且拼写形式正确。
答案：B
4．show off 炫耀，卖弄
【精讲拓展】
show sb. around/round (首次访问某地)作某人的向导，带某人参观
show up (使) 显眼，(使)显现
show sb./sth. up 揭发……
(sb.) show up(某人)如约赶到，出现，露面(＝turn up )；揭发某人
show the way树立典范，做出榜样
警示误区：show off既可作及物动词词组，也可作不及物动词词组。
She wanted to show off her new husband at the party.她想在聚会上炫耀自己的新婚丈夫。
He’s just showing off because that girl he likes is here.
他不过是在表现自己，因为他喜欢的那个姑娘在场。
【典型例句】
I wish you’d stop showing off—we all know how clever you are!
我希望你不要再炫耀自己了——我们全都知道你是多么聪明！
[朗文当代]
I waited half an hour，but they never showed up.
我等了半个小 时，但他们一直没来。
[美国传统]
The cracks in the wall show up in the sunlight；the sunlight
shows them up.
墙上的裂缝在阳光下很显眼；阳光使墙上的裂缝显现出来。
[朗文当代]
With its lowcost home computers，the company has shown the
way (into this very profitable market)．这家公司以价格低廉的家
用电脑闯出了一条路子(打进了利润可观的市场)。
[朗文当代]
即学即用
⑬Before you start work，I’ll show you ________ the building so
that you can meet everyone.
A．off
B．out
C．around
D．up
解析：考查show动词词组辨析。 句意为：在你开始上班之前，
我来带你到楼里各处看看，好让你和大家见见面。此处为“带某
人参观、 到处转转”之意，应用show sb. around。show off“炫
耀，卖弄”；show sb. out“带某人出去”； show sb. up“揭发某人”。
答案：C
⑭ He couldn’t wait to ________ his new car to his friends.
A．show up
B. show off
C．show around
D. show out
解析：考查show动词词组辨析。句意为：他迫不急待地在朋
友面前炫耀他的新车。show up sth./ show sth. up “使某物显
眼、显现，揭发某事”；show off“炫耀，使引人注目”； show
over“带某人参观某处”； “ show sb. out”带某人出去。
答案：B
5 . break into闯入
【精讲拓展】
