【简介】感谢网友“雕龙文库”参与投稿，这里小编给大家分享一些，方便大家学习。
B2U4
2．decrease vi. & vt.(使)变小或变少
4．hunt vt. & vi.5．respond vi.7．contain vt.container n．容器
9．affect vt.10．appreciate vt.11．succeed vi. vt.接替；继任
12．employ vt.(时间、)
13．harm n. & vt.harmful adj.有害的
14．bite vt. & vi.bit(过去式)→bitten(过去分词)
15．inspect vt.
1．respond vi.response n. 回答，回复；反应
respond to sb./sth.回答(比 answer, reply to正式)
respond to sb./sth. (with/ by sth.) 用……回应某人(事)
respond to (疾病、)对医药有良好反应
response to sb./sth. (对人/物)的回答/回复/反应
in response to 作为对……的反应
[即学即练1](1)They still haven't ____________ my letter.
他们至今仍没有回我的信。
(2)He ____________ my suggestion ________ a laugh/______ laughing. 他对我的建议报以一笑。
(3)His illness didn't ____________ treatment by drugs.
他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。
(4)My mother opened the door ____________________ the knock, but there was no one outside.
听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。
responded to//responded
to
with by//respond to//in response to
3．contain vt. 包含；容纳(＝hold)；抑制(＝control)
[即学即练3](1)His paper ___________ no mistakes at all.
他的试卷没有一点错误。
(2)Orange juice ____________ things which help keep you healthy.
橘汁里含有有益于健康的东西。
(3)This bottle ___________ two glasses of beer.
这个瓶子可容纳两杯啤酒。
(4)He couldn't ____________ for joy.他不胜欢喜。
Contained//contains//contains//contain himself
4．affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭
be greatly/deeply affected 很/深受感动
be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉
be affected with high fever 发高烧
[即学即练4](1)The amount of rain ______ the growth of crops.降雨量直接影响庄稼生长。
(2)One of her lungs ____________ a little so that she has to rest.她的一叶肺有些感染，所以她不得不休息。
(3)The audience ____________________ by his speech.
听众被他的演讲深深打动了。
affects
is
affected
were deeply affected
5．appreciate vt. 欣赏；感激；喜欢
appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
appreciate sth. (thank sb.) 感激某事或某人
appreciatedoing sth.感激做某事
one/one's doing sth.感激某人做某事
I would appreciate it if... 如果……，我将不胜感激。
[即学即练5](1)He highly __________________________.
他非常感谢他的帮助。
(2)We shall ___________________________ you again.
我们将很高兴再次收到您的来信。
(3)I really ____________________________ to the party.
你能来参加这次聚会我太高兴了。
(4)I would ______________________ you could help me.
如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。
appreciated
his
help//appreciate
hearing
from//appreciate
your
coming//appreciate
it
if
6．succeed v．成功
success n. [U]成功；成就 [C]成功的人或事
successful adj. 成功的
successfully adv. 成功地
succeed in doing sth.
have success in doing sth.
be successful in doing sth.成功做某事
achieve great success 取得巨大的成功
sb./sth. is a success 成功的人或事
[即学即练6](1)We all _____________________ the mid－term examination.我们都成功地通过了期中考试。
(2)Failure is the mother of __________.失败是成功之母。
(3)He was _________________________ as a novelist.
他是非常成功的小说家。
succeeded
in
passing//success//a
success
7．harm vt. & n．损害；危害
harmful adj.有害的
be harmful to＝do harm to
do sb. harm＝do harm to sb.对……有害
There is no harm in doing sth.
＝It does no harm (for sb.)to do sth.
做某事是个好主意(或没有坏处)。
[即学即练7](1)The dog seems fierce, but it won’t ______ anyone.这条狗看上去很凶，但它不会伤害任何人。
(2)Fruit juice can ______________________ children’s teeth.
果汁可能损坏儿童的牙齿。
(3)He may say no, but ___________________________ asking.他可能拒绝，但问一问也无妨。
Harm//be
harmful
to//there
is
no
harm
in
8．die out 灭亡，逐渐消失
die out 绝种，灭绝；熄灭；(风俗、习惯等)逐渐消失
die off(家族、种族等)相继死亡；(草木)先后枯死
die away(声音、光线、风等)渐弱，渐息，平息
die down(火、光线、兴奋、暴风雨等)渐弱，渐息；(声音)
静下来
die of 指死于疾病、衰老、饥饿、悲伤等
die from 指由于外伤、外界原因、粗心、不注意、劳累过度
等而死
[即学即练8](1) Scientists said that those plants ______ a century ago.科学家们说那些植物一个世纪前就绝种了。
(2) Many old customs ___________________________.
许多古老的风俗正逐渐消失。
(3)If the snowstorm does not blow over, the cattle will ______________.如果暴风雪不停息，牲畜就要死掉了。
(4)Open the air hole; the fire is ___________________.
把气孔打开，火要熄了。
died out//are
dying
out//die
off//dying
down
(5)Every winter some old people _______________ hypothermia.每年冬天都有一些老人死于体温过低。
(6)Nowadays many people ________________ cancer.
现在有很多人死于癌症。
die
from//die
of
10．protect...from/against... 保护……免受……(的伤害)
defend...from/against...保卫……以抵制……
keep sb. from doing
stop sb. (from) doing
prevent sb. (from) doing阻止某人做
[即学即练10](1)Young plants should be well ______________ the cold.
幼苗必须被很好地保护以免受冻。
(2)The hen ___________ its young ___________ being attacked by the cat. 母鸡保卫小鸡使其免遭猫的袭击。
(3)Everyone should take up arms to __________ our country from invasion.
每个人都应当拿起武器保卫我们的国家不受侵犯。
(4)Nothing can ______ us ______ realizing our dreams.
什么也不能阻止我们实现梦想。
protected from//protected against//defend//stop from
提示：(1)protect against 和 protect from 意思相似，有时可互换。但是，对于较大的事情，如：敌人的入侵、天灾等，常用 protect against, 对于较小的事情常用 protect from。
(2)在 protect...from/against... 结构中，from和 against 后面常跟 sth.，有时 against 后跟 being done 来强调动作的被动性。
(3)主动句中 prevent/stop...from...中的 from 可省略，在被动句中 from不可省略，而 keep...from...中的 from无论是在主动句还是被动句中都不能省略。
11．pay attention to 注意
Attention, please! 请注意！ (演讲用语)
(＝May I have your attention, please？)
attract/catch/draw/get one's attention to 吸引某人的注意
fix/focus/concentrate one's attention on 将注意力集中于
devote one's attention to 专心致志于
call one's attention to 唤起某人对……的注意
提示：以上短语中的 to、on都是介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词。
[即学即练11](1)She ______________________________ her appearance.她很注重外表。
(2)A great deal of attention has been ______________ protecting the environment.
人们已对保护环境投入很多精力。
paid
much
attention
to//paid
to
12．come into being 出现；形成；产生
bring...into being 使形成；使产生
for the time being 暂时；眼下
[即学即练12](1)We don't know when the universe ________________________.
我们不知道宇宙是何时形成的。
(2)Such a custom ______________________ long ago.
这种风俗很久以前就有了。
came
into
being//came
into
being
提示：come into being是不及物动词短语，无被动形式，无进行时。类似短语有：come into power 当权
come into effect 生效
come into action 开始行动
come into office 就职
come into sight 看得见
come into use 开始使用
1. contain/include
(1)contain 意为“包含，含有，容纳，里面装有”，指的是包含的全部内容或容量，也可指里面所含的成分。其宾语与主语常是同位关系，不用于进行时态。
(2)include 意为“包含；连……在内，计入，算入，包括”，只能用于表示所包含之物中的一部分，其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。常用 “including＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”。如：
Many people like tennis, including me/me included. 许多人喜欢网球，也包括我/我也在内。
[应用1] 用 contain和 include的适当形式填空。
(1)The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. It _____________ a lot of fruit and green vegetables.
(2)Everyone took part in the fight against the flood, _____________ old people.
(3)The __________ can __________ 100 litres of water.
Includes//including//container//contain
B2U5
1．roll vt. & vi. (使)摇摆 n．摇晃；卷；卷形物；面包圈
2．pretend vt.3．attach vt. & vi.4．form vt.()组成；形成；构成
5．earn vt.8．perform vt. & vi.performance n．表演；演奏
1．pretend vt. 假装；假扮
pretend sth. 伪称某事物(尤用做借口)
pretend to do...假装做……
pretend to be＋n. (adj.) 假装是……
pretend to be doing...假装正在做……
pretend to have done... 假装已做……
pretend that－clause 假装……
[即学即练1](1)He _______________________ yesterday.
昨天他假装头疼。
(2)We mustn't _______________________ what we don't know.我们不应不懂装懂。
(3)He _______________________________ when he met a bear.当他遇到熊时就装死。
pretended
a
headache//pretend
to
know//pretended
to
be
dead
2．attach vt. 系；贴；附加；认为有(重要性等)
attached adj. 依恋的，留恋的
attachment n. [C]附件[C，U]依恋；眷恋；深爱
attach sth. to sth. 把某物系到某物上
attach yourself to sb./sth. 参加，和……在一起
attach to sb./sth.与……有联系，与……有关联
be attached to sb./sth. 依恋，留恋
[即学即练2](1)She __________ a cheque ____ the order form.她在订货单上附了一张支票。
(2)Don't worry—there are no strings _____________.
不用担心——没有附加的条件。
(3)She ____________________________ the regular exercise.
她对常规训练极为重视。
(4)No blame __________________ him for the accident.
这次事故的责任与他无关。
(5)I am deeply _____________________ this novel.
我非常喜欢这部小说。
Attached to//attached//attaches great importance toattaches
to//attached
to
3．form vt. & vi. 形成；组织；养成；培养
n. 形式；表格；形状，外形；状况；精神
form(＝set up) a club 成立俱乐部
form a good habit 养成好习惯
form the habit of＝fall/get into the habit of
养成……的习惯
form an organization 成立一个组织
fill in the form 填表格
in the form of 以……的形式
in/out of form 状况良好/不佳
[即学即练3](1)The footballer's been ________________.这个足球运动员的状态不好。
(2)He is ____________ the application ______.
他正在填申请表。
(3)His research ______ the basis of the new book.
他的研究成果是这本新书的基础。
(4)The teacher ______ the students ______ a line.
老师让学生排成一行。
out
of
form//filling
in//form//formed//formedinto
4．earn vt. 赚得；挣得；获得
earn one's living＝make a living 谋生
earn one's own living 自食其力
earn money＝make money 挣钱
[即学即练4](1)His courage ______________________
of his classmates.
他的勇敢博得了同学们的赞扬。
(2)Do you know how much he ___________ a month?
你知道他一个月赚多少钱吗？
(3)He _________________________ by teaching at a language school.他在语言学校教书以维持生计。
earned him the admiration//earns//earns his living
