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Unit 6 Design
需写准记牢的单词——记其形、明其义抽象的深奥的直的直直接画家；艺术家视力目的意图式样模式在市区往市区市区的需举一反三的单词——知其性、通其变想象；想象力→imagine
想象→imaginative 富有想象2．pain n．痛苦；疼痛→painful 痛苦的疼痛的→painfully 痛苦地展览会→exhibit 展览显示诗(总称)→poem ．诗→poet ．诗人贵重的有价值的→value ．价值；评价典型的→type ．类型优雅地→elegant
优雅的高雅的细节详情→detailed 详细的宗教的；虔诚的→religion ．宗教；宗教信仰(书写或印刷的)字字体→characteristic 典型的特有的特征特点11．relate vt.把……与……联系起来→related
有联系的；相关的→relation
．关系；联系慈悲怜悯同情心→merciful 仁慈的；宽容的洗澡；沐浴→bath ．洗澡；沐浴狭窄的→narrowly 狭窄地结论；结束→conclude 结束；推断需会读明义的单词——识其形、知其义画家；油漆匠(色彩的)浓淡；阴影汗青春；年轻人昆虫动物；(有特性或特质的)人浅的岸边特征特色雕像城堡建筑师毁坏毁灭坟墓朝代王朝庙宇寺庙(总称)珠宝村舍小屋租金潮湿的车库垃圾废物窗帘
1．fix_one's_eyes_on 注视凝视陷入沉思
被用作…… 屏住呼吸有几分地
(to)
追溯(到)
到目前为止
同……有……关系 试用试验把……增加/增添到……向……挥手告别 以……的形式 比……多；不只是梦想
1．[教材原句]Qi Baishi's style of painting often
leaves_the_audience_guessing
and makes them use their imagination.齐白石的绘画作品的风格常给观赏者留出运用想象力解读其内涵的余地。[句式解读]leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 “使……处于……状态”。[教材原句]Our house would be white
with_trees_around_it,_我们的房子应该是白色的树木环绕有一个大花园草随意生长没有篱笆阻隔。[句式解读]with＋复合宾语。[教材原句]But the house on Mango Street is not
the_way
they described it at all.
但是芒果街上的房子根本不是他们所描述的那样。[句式解读]way(方式)后引导定语从句时引导词通常用that, 或不填。[教材原Out_back_is_a_small_garage
for the car
we don't own yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side.
出门往后院走有一间小车库但现在我们还没有车。还有一个小院子夹在两边的高楼中显得更小。[句式解读]完全倒装结构。It's_finally_our_turn_to_do
the wallboard in the school hall!
最后轮到我们做学校礼堂的墙报！[句式解读]It is one's turn to do sth. “轮到某人做某事了。”
[重难·抢分型词汇——合作学会]
1pain ．疼痛；痛苦；辛苦；努力[高考佳句](2024·重庆高考阅读A)I'd thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, pain was really unbearable.
我本来认为我能坚持到牙医度假回来但疼痛真的无法忍受。(1)have pains/a pain in ……部位疼在痛苦中；在苦恼中
不遗余力全力take pains to do sth.
尽力/费苦心/下苦功做某事不劳无获。(2)painful adj.
疼痛的；痛苦的痛苦地I had a sharp pain in my lower back.
我感到后腰一阵剧痛。She cried out in pain when her tooth was pulled out.
她拔牙时痛得叫了起来。We must spare no pains to finish the task on time.
我们必须不遗余力地按时完成任务。If you want to succeed in the work, you must take pains to do it.
如果你想在工作中取得成功必须要下苦功。[名师指津] pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时可数、不可数均可；指“辛苦、刻苦、努力”时要用复数形式。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(2024·福建高考写作)We should take pains to_improve (improve) ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future. (2024·全国卷Ⅱ完形)He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.(pain) and ineffective.
Ⅱ.单句改错(2024·全国卷Ⅱ完形) This led to some painfully experiences on Saturday as they played against teams better trained.painfully→painful2．ruin ．[U]毁灭；毁坏vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产[高考佳句](2024·福建高考阅读E)Don't let negativity ruin your motivation.不要让消极性毁了你的动机。(1)reduce ... to ruins 使……成为废墟成为废墟fall to ruin
毁灭；灭亡；崩溃使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产(2)ruin oneself
毁掉自己；自取灭亡毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途/好心情The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.
地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟这让我们彻夜未眠。The old farm has long been abandoned and come to ruin.
这家旧农场很早就已废弃了成了废墟。Drunk driving not only ruined himself but also killed several passersby.
醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名路人死亡。[个性比较]指毁坏某种好的或者有用的东西意为“使毁灭；崩溃；弄糟”。用作名词意为“毁灭；瓦解；废墟”构成词组in ruins“破败不堪”指一定程度的损坏或损失部分是可以修复的可用作动词或名词。作do/cause damage to sb./sth.
destroy 指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏一般不可修复常作“破坏；毁灭”讲。也可以指希望、计划等的破灭
Ⅰ.选词填空(ruin/damage/destroy)完成句子 now completely in_ruins (成为废墟)．(使……破产)．(毁坏我们的健康)．3．purpose ．目的效果结果[高考佳句](2024·山东高考阅读D) For what purpose did Pearson start the advertising campaign?皮尔逊开展广告活动的目的是什么？on purpose 故意地为了……目的(目的能否实现还不确定)目的是……(暗示能实现的事情)达到目的Jimmy hit his little brother in the eye, but he didn't do it on purpose.
杰米打到了他弟弟的眼睛但他不是故意的。The company decided to advertise on TV for the purpose of promoting their new product.
这家公司决定在电视上做广告来促销他们的新产品。[名师指津]on purpose“故意地”其反义词组为by chance/accident表示“偶然地碰巧地”。
Ⅰ.介词填空！The telephone is broken. Someone damaged it on purpose.单句写作(2024·天津高考写作)这个项目的目的就是培养我们学习The_purpose_of_this_programme_is_to_develop_our_interest_in_English_learning_and_practical_abilities_in_listening_and_speaking.
4．relate ．把……与……联系起来；有关[高考佳句](2024·重庆高考阅读E)It relates artistic values to local conditions.它把艺术作品的价值与当地的情况联系起来。(1)relate to与……有关；涉及将某物(2)related adj.
相关的；有联系的与……相关；与……联系(3)relation n.
关系；联系与……有关；涉及；与……相比与……没关系(4)relative adj.
相比较而言的；相关联的亲属亲戚相对地比较地The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.
第三点涉及所有部门工作标准的建立。The death of this man was related to/in relation to the food which went bad.
这个人的死与变质的食物有关。[熟词生义] He related his adventure to his children.叙述讲
Ⅰ.用relate的适当形式填空relates to our interests.
Ⅱ.翻译句子我们只对与谋杀案直接相关的事情感兴趣。该报告把工资高与劳动力短缺联系在一起。ges.
⑥财富很少与幸福相关。5．mercy ．慈悲怜悯同情心；仁慈；宽恕[教材原句]He had no mercy so we had to leave fast.他一点也不仁慈所以我们不得不快点离开。(1)have
(no) mercy on/upon (不)同情……对……(没)有怜悯心对某人表示同情任凭……摆布受……支配cy
残忍地毫不留情地出于同情/仁慈(2)merciful adj.
宽大的仁慈的慈悲的对……仁慈
You have made such a big mistake that you will be severely punished and no one will have mercy on you.
你犯了如此严重的错误会受到严厉的惩罚没人会怜悯你的。After the boat's motor failed, they were at the mercy of the weather.
船的马达坏了他们只能听命于天气了。[熟词生义] It was a mercy that the whole family survived the earthquake.幸运
Ⅰ.介词填空d no mercy to the prisoners and killed all of them.
③Some people are born with the belief that they are masters of their own lives. Others feel that they are at the mercy of fate.
④They were treated without mercy.
Ⅱ.翻译句子幸运的是她伤势不重。(it作形式主语)
It_was_a_mercy_that_she_wasn't_seriously_hurt.
⑥Mrs. Turner adopted the homeless child out of mercy.
出于同情特纳夫人收养了那个无家可归的孩子。6．conclusion ．结论[高考佳句] (2024·福建高考阅读E)Given the sensitivities involved, their own conclusions，...
考虑到所涉及的敏感性所有的信息都可以得到以便人们得出自己的结论(1)draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion
得出结论下结论使……结束最后；总之ion of
当……结束时(2)conclude v.
得出结论；断定；推断出；结束就某事与……达成协议；以……结束(从……中)推断出……总而言之最后(3)conclusive adj.
决定性的；最后的After a series of experiments, scientists
come to the conclusion that
it's possible for humans to live on the moon in the future.
经过一系列的实验后科学家们得出结论In conclusion, people around the world should be aware of the real situation of water shortage.
总之全世界的人们都应该意识到水资源短缺的真实现状。(2024·浙江高考单选)When the group discussion is nearing its end, ure to conclude it with important points.
当小组讨论即将结束的时候要注意确保用要点来总结讨论内容。[联想发散] 表示“总而言之”的其他表达还有哪些？(speaking),_on_the_whole,_in_a_nutshell等。
Ⅰ.介词填空ith “Thanks for your time”．句型转换he evidence you've heard?
→What conclusions do you draw from the evidence you've heard?
7．date back (to) 追溯到起始于[教材原句]Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty!人们曾经在南北朝时期的墓穴中发现过动物形状的剪纸！(1)date from/back to属于(某一历史时期)；始于……；追溯到……(2)out of date
过时的陈旧的最新款的现代的迄今为止与……约会确定……的日期That meaning dates back to the time of Thomas Edison.
那种含义追溯到托马斯·爱迪生时代。The clothes look up to date, but they will soon be out of date.
这些衣服看起来是最时髦的但是不久就会过时。But in 2024, together with some climbers, I set a date for a cleanup.
但在2024年[名师指津] (1)date from和date back to常指以“现在为起点”向前推故在句中作谓语时常用一般现在时没有进行时态也没有被动形式。(2)当date back to/from用作定语时要用现在分词形式。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空dates (date) back to medieval times.
②This temple has a long history dating (date) from the early period of the Tang Dynasty.
③Dating from the
1980s, our friendship gave both of us pleasure.
Ⅱ.完成句子To_date there has been no improvement in his condition.
到现在为止他的情况还是没有好转。这种技术已经过时我们不再用了。 the computer.
我们计算机上的信息都是最新的。据我所知他们已经确定了婚礼的日期。[常考·保分型词汇——自主练会]1．typical 典型的；有代表性的[练习]完成句子在期末考试前学生们经常看书到深夜②It's about a Chinese romantic story, typical_of Chinese culture.
那是一个具有典型中国文化特色的浪漫故事。It is typical of sb. to do sth. (＝typically)做……是某人的特点；某人一向如此”；be typical of ... “是典型的……；是……的特点”。 2．imagine ．想象；设想；猜测[练习]单句语法填空/句型转换r us is still probably beyond imagination (imagine)．beyond imagination“超出想象的”；动词 3．exhibition ．展览展示[练习]完成句子ety of samples will be on_exhibition．将有品种繁多的样品被展览。on exhibition “展览在展出”。 4．hold one's
breath 屏住呼吸[练习]用breath的相关短语完成句子他屏住了气不敢抬起头来。跑进房间气喘吁吁的。爬楼梯的时候这个老人总是喘不过气来。他深吸了一口气开始跳水。out of breath“气喘吁吁上气不接下气”(lose one's breath“喘不过气来”；take a deep breath“深吸一口气。 5．fix one's eyes on 注视凝视[练习]用eye的相关短语完成句子他眼睛盯着墙似乎那里没有人存在。他请邻居照看房子。 boy cried and tried to catch_his_mother's_eye．小男孩哭着想引起他妈妈的注意。keep/have an eye on“照看照管；密切注视监视；留神”；catch one's eye“引起某人的注意”。
1．Qi Baishi's style of painting often
leaves_the_audience_guessing
and makes them use their imagination.
齐白石的绘画作品的风格常给观赏者留出运用想像力解读其内涵的余地。leave the audience guessing是“leave＋复合宾语”结构。其中现在分词guessing作leave的宾语补足语。leave是使役动词表示“使/让……做某事/位于某地点/处于某状态”含有“听任在某处使保持某一状态”之意。其常用结构有：(1)leave＋宾语＋形容词/副词 Leave the door open and you will breathe fresh air.
让门开着你就会呼吸到新鲜的空气。(2)leave＋宾语＋现在分词其中宾语与宾补之间形成逻辑上的主谓关系。 Don't
leave me waiting outside too long.
别让我在外面等候太久。(3)leave＋宾语＋过去分词其中宾语与宾补之间形成逻辑上的动宾关系。I can't leave such an important matter half undone/unfinished.
我不能让这么重要的一件事情半途而废。(4)leave＋宾语＋介词短语/名词His parents died in the earthquake, leaving him an orphan.
在地震中他的父母双亡使他成为孤儿。He got off the bus hurriedly, leaving his umbrella on the bus.
他匆匆忙忙地下了公交车把雨伞忘在公交车上了。(5)leave＋宾语＋不定式表示尚未发生What disappoints me is that she leaves me to finish the work by myself.
使我失望的是她让我一个人完成这项工作。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空r mother to_take
(take) care of her baby.
②Don't leave the water running (run) when you don't use it.
③Even though it is spring, you'd better leave the windows closed (close)．Ⅱ.用“leave＋复合宾语”结构完成句子别让她在外面雨中等着。大那枚炸弹使25人遇难。2．Out_back_is_a_small_garage for the car we don't own yet and a small yard that looks smaller between the two buildings on either side.
出门往后院走有一间小车库但现在我们还没有车。还有一个小院子夹在两边的高楼中显得更小了。句中out back is a small garage 为完全倒装将out back置于句首以示强调。适用于完全倒装的情况有以下几种：(1)以in, away, off, back等表示方向性的副词在句首作状语谓语动词是come, 等不及物动词且主语是名词时句子要完全倒装。Away went the boy.
