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2010届高三英语一轮复习必备精品
Module5 Unit2 The United Kingdom
高考导航
本单元的考点在历年各地考题中，。available 一词曾经在2008•浙江卷中考查过。这是高考的重点，应着重掌握。There are plenty of jobs ______ in the western part of the country.
A. present
B. available
C. precious
D. convenient
【答案】选B
【解析】考查通过句意选择同类词中恰当的形容词。 present
adj.现在的, 出席的, 当面的;
available
adj.可用到的, 可利用的, 有用的, 有空的, 接受探访的;precious
adj.宝贵的, 贵重的, 珍爱的, 过于精致的, 珍爱的; convenient
adj便利的, 方便的通过句意及语境可知,正确答案是B
News reports say peace talks between the two countries with no agreement reached. (NMET2003)
A. have broken down
B. have broken out
C. have broken in
D. have broken up
【答案】选D
【解析】broken out
为爆发,比如战争的爆发
broke down
可译为汽车抛锚
broken up
为分手
broke in
表示闯入。每一个词组都会有多个解释,根据句意答案应该是broke up
Helen had to shout________ above the sound of the music.（2004全国高考）
A. making herself hearB. to make herself hear
C. making herself heardD. to make herself heard
根据题意“海伦只好喊，以便使别人听到自己的声音”,所以应当用动词不定式表目的，但自己应当是被听到，所以要用head。available institution
convenience
rough
roughly
nationwide
attract
architecture
collection
administration
port
countryside enjoyable
description
furnished
fax
possibility
plus
quarrel
alike
arrange
wedding
fold
sightseeing
delight
royal
uniform
splendid
statue
communism
thrill
pot
error
tense
consistent
重点短语
consist of
divide…into
break away (from )
to one’s credit
leave out
take the place of
break down
重点句型 There is no need to do sth/There is no need for sth
It is strange/a pity/important/vital/necessary/essential…that…
语法 过去分…
…he had them killed while they were asleep.
重难点解读
I 重点单词
1. debatevi. &n. 辩论；讨论
【】【经典例句】n. After much debate，we decided to move to Beijing.
我们经过充分讨论后决定迁往北京。
v. They debated about the proposal for three days.
他们为那项计划争论了三天。
I debated the idea in my mind until I feel asleep.
我入睡前一直在思考这个问题。
After a long debate the bill was passed in Congress.
经过长时间的辩论后，议案在国会获得通过。
They were debating whether to go to the mountain or to the seaside.
他们在争论到底是去山上还是去海边。
The discussion turned into a furious debate.
这场讨论成了激烈的争论。
【】 辨析debate和argue：
debate指各自陈述理由，强调公正、公开，气氛较为激烈；
argue意为“说理；争论”，通常指提出理由来支持自己的观点，并企图说服别人，着重使用说理的方式来论证主张。
①There is no good in arguing about the inevitable.
拿不可避免的事物争论是没有什么用的。
②The house of representatives debated the proposal for three days.
众议院就这个提案辩论了三天。
【】The debate was launched by the Government。（翻译）
_____________________________________________________________________
(答案：这场争论是由政府发起的)
2. puzzle
n.&vt.难题，谜；使迷惑
【】 1）puzzle可用作名词或动词，作名词时，意为“难题；谜；测验能力的问题(或玩具)”，可喻为“复杂难懂的事物”。
2)同根词：puzzled adj.表示自己感到迷惑，如：
There was a puzzled expression on his face.
他的脸上露出迷惑不解的表情。
puzzling adj.表示令人感到迷惑，如：
His answer is puzzling.
他的回答令人迷惑。【经典例句】 The meaning of the poem has always been a puzzle.
这首诗的意思一直是个谜。
This letter puzzles me.
这封信使我迷惑不解。
I am in a puzzle about the matter.
我对这件事大惑不解。
I puzzled over the question for quite a while.这个问题我想了好半天。
【】1.This is a puzzled question.
____________________________________________
(答案：puzzled 应改为puzzling)
填空
2.This is really a _________________ problem and I feel ______________ about it.
（puzzle）
（答案：puzzling;
puzzled ）
convenience.方便；便利
【】1）固定搭配：at one’s convenience 在……方便时
2）同根词：convenient adj. 便利的；方便的，如：
Our house is convenient for the hospital.
我们家到医院很方便。
3）convenience意为“便利”时，为不可数名词；意为“有用的安排”时为可数名词。
【经典例句】 I kept my reference book near my desk for convenience.
我把参考书放在书桌旁用着方便。
If it is convenient to you, please come at four o’clock.
如果方便的话，请在四点钟来。
When would it be convenient for you to go?
你什么时候去方便呢？
【】【】Let’s make it at seven o’clock on Tuesday morning at my office if ________.
A. you’re convenient
B. it is convenient for you
C. you feel convenient
D. it is convenient with you
(答案：B )
3. Come and see me whenever ______.
A. you are convenient
B. you will be convenient
C. it is convenient to you
D. it will be convenient to you
（答案：C ）
4. influence
n. 影响，有影响的人(或事) vt. 影响，改变
【】固定搭配：have/has an influence on...对……有影响【经典例句】 My teacher’s influence made me study at college.
受我的老师影响，我上大学学了理科。
The weather influences crops.
天气影响农作物。
He was influenced by Michelangelo later on.
他后来受到米开朗基罗的影响。
My parents considered my friends have a bad influence on me.
我父母认为我朋友对我有不良影响。
Africa’s climate is strongly influenced by the continent’s position on the globe.
非洲的气候受到它在地球上位置的强烈影响。
【】influence / affect / effect
1）influence指一个人以其品格或地位获得影响他人的力量，或指行为和思想受到某种间接因素的影响而发生变化，这种力量是无形的。
The judge was never influenced in his decision by his sympathy or prejudice.
法官决不会因为同情或偏见影响自己的判决。
2）affect只有动词性，意思是“影响”，指能够引起感情上的反应，强烈的影响或力量，但这种力量是有形的力量，有时可暗示不良影响。
Fear affects some people by making them powerless to act.
由于害怕而使有些人束手无策。
【】
用 influence / affect / effect的正确形式填空。This article will ____________my thinking.
这篇文章将会影响我的思想。
This book a change in my opinion.
这本书使我的看法起了变化
by a high-school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.
在一位中学生物教师的影响下, 他从事医学研究。affect ; effected;
Influenced）
5. available
adj. 可以得到的；可利用的；有效的
【】 available energy
（2）可得到的，可买到的：be available for use
（3）有空的，可与之联系的： sb. is available可与某人联系
（4）有效的：be available for one year
常用搭配
(be) available to sb能够被某人所用或者为某人所获得的
(be) available for sth能够为某目的所用的/能够用于某目的的
(be) available to do sth 能够用于某目的的
【经典例句】 Tickets are available from the box office.
售票处可以买到票。
She is not available.她没空。（她有男朋友了。）
He is not available for the job.
他不适宜做这个工作。。【】Is the manager available for the moment?
(答案：经理此刻有空吗？)
【高考链接】There are plenty of jobs ______ in the western part of the country. (2008•浙江)
A. present
B. available
C. precious
D. convenient
（答案:
B）
II重点短语
1. break away(from) 挣脱
【经典例句】 The American southern states wanted to break away from the Union.
美国南方各州想脱离联邦。。。【】和break相关的其他词组
break down 坏掉；打破break into 闯入；打断(话题)
break into pieces 成为碎片 break out 爆发
break through 突围；突破 break up 分解【】News reports say peace talks between the two countries_____________ with no agreement reached. (NMET2003)
A. have broken down
B. have broken out
C. have broken in
D. have broken up
（答案：D ）
2. be known as 被称作；被认为
【经典例句】 He is known as a fair judge.
他被认为是一位公正的法官。
【考点聚焦】 相关词组：
be known as 以……而知名、著称；
be known by根据(按照) ……得知(较少用)；
be known for 因……而众所周知；
be known to则意为“为……所知”，指某个地方或某一范围的人知道。
【】A man is known_______ the company he keeps.
She was well-known ________an excellent dancer.
He’s known _________his readiness to help others.
He’s known________ the police as a thief.
（答案: by; as; for; to）
III重点句型
1．To their surprise，the three countries found themselves united peacefully instead of by war. 令他们奇怪的是，这三个国家发现他们非常团结，相处融洽，没有发生战争。
【剖析】1）整个句子是一个简单句。
2）to their surprise是插入语结构，在句首起补充说明作用。
3）“find oneself+宾补”表示“(不知不觉中)发现自己处于某种境地” 。又如：
She returned to England to find herself famous.
她回到英国发现自己竟出名了。
【拓展】find的其他用法：
I found the book very instructive.
=I found the book to be very instructive.
=I found that the book was very instructive.
我发觉这本书非常有教育意义。
You will find him difficult to get along with.
=You will find that he is difficult to get along with.
=You will find it difficult to get along with him.
你会发现他很难相处。【】They found __________ that the goddess turned out to be a modern-looking woman.
A .surprisingly
B.with surprise
C.to their surprise
D.a surprise
(答案：C )
【】A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______ in the kitchen. （03全国卷）
A. smoke
B. smoking
C. to smoke
D. smoked
（答案：B）
2. Although the four countries do work together in some areas，they are still very different.
虽然这四个国家确实在某些领域合作，但它们仍然非常不同。
【剖析】 1）本句是复合句，although 引导让步状语从句。
2）状语从句中do work 为强调结构。强调谓语动词时，在动词原形前加do，does或did。如：
Do be careful！千万要小心！
He did have a good time last night.
他昨天晚上的确玩得很开心。
【拓展】 注意：do的这种用法只用于肯定句，且只有现在时和过去时两种时态。如：
I do hope you have a merry Christmas！
衷心祝你圣诞快乐！
He did read the letter just now.
他刚才的确读过那封信。It looked splendid when first built.
刚建起来的时候很辉煌。
【剖析】 1）本句是一个复合句，when引导时间状语从句。
2）When first built是When it was first built的省略形式。
