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高一英语总复习18
Unit 19-20, SBⅡ
重点词语:
1.make a decision做决定
2.over time 长期以来
3.bring in 引进
4.be harmful to对有伤害
5.be friendly to对友好
6.as well as 也;还
7.depend on依靠
8.be short of缺少;不足
9.a variety of种种
10.instead of代替
11.go against 违背
12.year after year 一年又一年
13.next to 隔壁;紧挨
14.pass on向下传
15.from generation to generation 一代又一代
16.at sunset 在太阳落山时
1
难点讲解:
1.raise
[用法一] vt.举起;抬起;扬起;升起
例1: The box is too heavy I can't raise it箱子太重我举不起来。
例2: At that time I thought I could never raise my head again那时我相我可能再也抬不起头了。
例3: The car raised a dust as it went by 轿车经过,扬起一阵尘。
例4: The soldiers raised a white flag士兵举起的白旗.
[用法二] vt 提高;提升
例1:The price was raised to $10.价格升到了10美元。
例2:Have you raised the wages?你长工资了吗?
[用法三] vt 提出
例如::May I raise a question before the meeting is close?散会前我可以提个问题吗?
[用法四] vt 养大;培养;饲养;种植
例1:They raised family in that village 他们养活那边村里的一家人。
例2:That's the way he was raised 他就是这样被养大的。
例3:The farmer raises cows and corn 那个农民养母牛,种玉米。
[用法五] vt 招募,筹集
例如:The foolish prince raised an army against his father
那个愚蠢的王子招集了一支队伍与他父亲作对
[相关链接1]
raise a (one's) glass to 为祝酒
例如:He raised his glass to his teacher.他向老师祝酒
[相关链接2]
raise ,rise与lift的区别:raise, 作及物动词,表示由于人为的原因而上升、提高。Rise作不及物动词,多指由于自然现象的原因而上升、提高。Lift是指用休力或机械力把某物从地面举到一定的高度。
例1: The speaker raised his voice so that we could hear him
演讲者提高了声音,以便我们能够听清楚。
例2:As a result of the dam, the water level of the lake was going to rise by 63metres由于兴建了水坝,湖水的水面将升高63米。
例3:Can you lift the basket from the ground?你能把这个篮子从地上提起来吗?
2.time
[用法一] n.[U]时间,时候
例1: Time never stands still 时间不会停滞不前。
例2: The time has come for us to speak out 是我们大胆讲话的时候了。
[用法二]n.[C]一段时间,时刻
例1:You have taken a long time writing the letter 你用了很长时间写这封信。
例2:We had a good time together 我们一起度过了愉快的时光。
[用法三]n.(多用复数形式)时代
例1: He is of the best actors in modern tines 他是现代最好的演员之一。
例2:In Shakespeare's time there were no actresses on the English stage 莎士比亚时代英国舞台上没有女演员。
[用法四]n.次;倍
例1:This is the first time that I have ever been abroad 这真是我第一次出国。
例2: Your room is three times the size of mine 你的房间是我的三倍大。
注意:作倍,次,必顺用于三次(倍以上,一、二次(倍)用once, twice表示
[用法五](数学)乘
例如:Three times five is fifteen
三乘以五是十五.
[相关链接]
all the time 一直,总是 at the same time 同时
from time to time 间或,时常,in time 及时
on time 接时 at a time 一次,每次
at times 有时,不时 ahead of time 提前
once upon a time 从前 timetable 时刻表,功课表
take one's time 慢慢来,不着急
at one time (过去)有个时期,一度,同时
have a good time 玩得高兴,过得愉快
3.save
[用法一]vt 救,挽救
例如:The doctors managed to save his life from SARS医生经努力成功地把他从非典中抢救过来。
[用法二]vt 节省;节约,存钱,储蓄
例1:Doing this can save a lot of time and money 这样做可以节省大量的时间和费用。
例2:He's saving to buy a car 他正在存钱准备买车。
[用法三]vt 留下,保留,保住
例如:I've saved you the rooms you had 我把房子保住了。
4.advice
[用法]n [U]忠告,劝告,建议
1)a piece of advice 一条建议,劝告
例如:If you take my advice and study hard, you will pass the exam如果你听劝,用功学习,你就会考试合格。
2)give some advice on 就某事提出意见
例如:In one of his books, he gave us some advice on how to learn a foreign language well 在他的一本书中,他就如何学好外语给了我们一些忠告。
3)follow/take one's advice 接受某人的意见
例如:He followed my advise and study hard 他接受了我的建议,努力学习。
[相关链接]
advise v 劝告,忠告,建议
例1:The teacher advised buying a new dictionary 老师建议买一本新字典。
例2:The doctor advised her to stop smoking 医生劝好戒烟
5.experience
[用法一]n.[U]经验
例1:She had no life experience at all她没有一点生活经验
例2:She was a housewife with rich experience她是个经验丰富的家庭主妇。
[用法二]n. [C]经历,经过的事
例1: He has had more than one experience of prison他不止一次进过监狱。
例2:It was a week before he could tell his experiences 一个星期之后,他才能说出经历的事。
[用法三]v.经历,感受,感到
例如:The city has experienced changes 这个城市经历了变化。
6.guide
[用法一]v.引导,引路;指导,指引
例如:He fleshed a torch to guide me他打开手电筒给我引路。
[用法二]n.向导,带路的人,导游
例如:Their guide through the mountains was a young Indian
一位年轻的印度人带领他们翻过那片山。
[用法三]n.导游手册。指南,手册
例如:Here's a guide to the British Museum 这儿有一本英国博物馆导游物册。
7.allow
[用法一]v.允许,准许(后面接动名词结构,即allow doing)
例如:They don't allow paring in this street, which is too narrow
他们不允许在这条街上停车,路太窄了。
[用法二]v.允许,准许(后面接不定式的复合结构,即allow sb to do)
例如: Please allow me to introduce myself to you 请允许我向你们作自我介绍。
8.sunset
[用法一]n. [C]落日景象
例如:The sky was filled with the glow of the sunset 天空布满落日的光辉。
[用法二]n.[U]日落时分
例如: We got home just before sunset 刚好在太阳下山前我们赶到家。
[相关链接]
sunlight n.阳光(指光线) Sunday n.星期日
sunrise n.日出景象 sunshine n.阳光
sunny adj. 阳光灿烂
sunless adj. 不见阳光的,没有阳光的。
9.have an effects on
have an effect on有对效果
例如: It had an almost immediate effect on his thinking
它在他的思想上几乎产生了立竿见影的效果
1)be in effect 有效,生效
例如: The coach says that players must be in bed by mid-night, and that rule is in effect tonight
教练说从今晚起运动员必顺在半夜以前休息.
2)come/go into effect 生效
例如: The law went into effect yesterday
该法律条例昨天起生效。
3)take effect 生效,开始发生作用
例如:It was nearly an hour before the sleeping pill took effect
安眠药差不多半个小时后才开始起作用。
10.make decisions
make decisions=make a decision=decide决定
例如: I hope we can make a decision today
我希望我们今天能做出决定。
11.go against
例如:I'm not to go against my own family
我不想违背自己家人的意愿
[相关链接]
be against 反对,违反,违背;不利于
例1: I knew she was against us 我知道她反对我们。
例2:Almost everything was against him几乎一切都对他不利。
12.Spend
spendon在上花(时间或金钱)
例如:He spends a lot of money on books 他花许多钱买书.
[相关链接]
spend(in)doing sth.花(时间或金钱等)做某事
例如:The government will spend money looking after the patients 政府要花钱去照料那些病人
13.lead to
lead to 引起,造成,导致;通向
例1:Too much work and too little rest often lead to ill ness
过多的工作和太少的休息经常导致生病.
例2: His carelessness led to the accident 他的粗心酿成这起事故.
例3:All roads lead to Rome 条条道路通罗马。
[相关链接]
1)lead sb. to do 导致某人做某事
例如:What led you to believe it?什么使你相信它?
2)lead alife 过着的生活
例如:Many farmers in the west led a simple life 西部许多农民过着简朴的生活。
14.make use of
make use of 利用
例1:You should train them to make use of reference books 你应该训练他们使用参考书。
例2:Make good use of your rime 好好利用你的时间
[相关链接]
1)use up 用完
例如:We used up all the bread at breakfast 早餐时我们把所有的面包都吃完了。
注意:use up 为人作主语;give out (被用尽)为物作主语。
例如:All the bread gave out at breakfast (意思同上)
2)(be) in use 在使用
例如:The telephone is in use 电话占线.
3)out of use 不要使用,废弃
例1: This railway is out of use 这条铁路报废了。
例2: The custom has gone out of use 没有这种习俗了。
4)(be)of use 有用处,起作用
例如:I don't want it, but it may be of use to someone 我不要它了,可它也许对别人有用。
5)put to use 加以利用
例如:It is pity to throw anything away if it can be put to use 东西如果还可以用的话,丢掉就太可惜。
15.bring in
bring in 赚得,收获(庄稼);扯进来,请来;引入,增加
例1:She'll be bringing nothing in for a long time 很长一段时间她都不会有收获。
例2:The sale brought in over $200这笔买卖赚了200美元。
例3:It is my own act Why do you bring my mother in?
这是我个人行为,你为什么要把我母亲牵扯进来?
例4:We can bring in some humour我们可以加些幽默。
[相关链接]
bring down 使倒下
例如:Electricity lines as well as telephone poles were brought down by falling trees or branches 电线和电话杆都被吹到的树或树枝打倒了。
bring up教育:呕吐
例1: We were brought up to respect the old
我们(从小)被教育要尊敬老人。
例2:He was so ill that he brought up everything
他病得很厉害,把胃里的东西都吐了出来。
16.be of use
be of use有用
例如:A dictionary is of help to us 字典对我们有用。
17.be harmful to
be harmful to 对有害
例如:Is this harmful to animals?这对动物有害吗?
18..depend on
depend on/upon 依靠,依赖
例1:Health depends on good food ,fresh air and e-nough sleep
健康要依靠好的食品、新鲜的空气和充足的睡眠。
例2:I knew he wasn't to be depended upon我知道他不可靠
例3:The price depends on the quality 价格取决于质量.
19.as well as
as well as同,和,也;既也
例1: John can speak Chinese as well as French 约翰会说法语,也会说中文。
例2:It is important for you as well as for me 它不仅对我重要,对你也是一样。
例3:We shall travel by night as well as by day 我们白天、晚上都要赶路。
[相关链接]
1)as well也,和
例如:I'm going to London and my sister is coming as well
我要去伦敦,我妹妹也去。
2)do well 做得好,长得好
例1:He did very well at the school他在学校表现很好。
例2:Everything in the garden is doing well院子里的植物长得很好.
3)speak well of 赞扬
例如:I have heard both English and Indians speak well of him
我听见英国人的印度人赞扬他了。
20.protect from
protect from保护使不受
例1:He raised his arm to protect his face from the blow他抬起胳膊保护着脸免受伤害。
例2:Use an umbrella to protect yourself from the rain, please
请用伞遮雨。
21.a variety of
a variety of 各种各样的、多种多样的
